Blockchain, Leadership And Management: Business AS Usual Or Radical Disruption?

The Internet provided the world with interconnection. However, it did not provide it with trust. Trust is lacking everywhere in our society and is the reason for the existence of powerful intermediaries aggregating power. Trust is what prevents the digital world to take over. This has consequences for organisations: they are inefficient because time, energy, money and passion are wasted on verifying everything happens as decided. Managers play the role of intermediaries in such case: they connect experts with each others and instruct them of what to do. As a result, in our expert society, people's engagement is low because no one is there to inspire and empower them. In other words, our society faces an unprecedented lack of leadership. Provided all those shortcomings, the study imagines the potential repercussions, especially in the context of management, of implementing a blockchain infrastructure in any type of organisation. Indeed, the blockchain technology seems to be able to remedy to those issues, for this distributed and immutable ledger provides security, decentralisation and transparency. In the context of a blockchain economy, the findings show that value creation will be rearranged, with experts directly collaborating with each others, and hierarchy being eliminated. This could, in turn, render managers obsolete, as a blockchain infrastructure will automate most of the tasks. As a result, only a strong, action-oriented, leadership would maintain the organisation together. This leadership-in-action would consist in igniting people to take action; coach members of the organisations so that their contribution makes sense in the greater context of life

Relationships among Generalized Phase‐Space Distributions

The generalized phase‐space distributions, including the Wigner distribution, are presented in terms of expected values of generating operators. A generalization of the Weyl correspondence is obtained to provide expressions for generalized Wigner equivalents. Finally, rather simple relationships are obtained connecting the generalized phase‐space distributions to the Wigner distribution; and similar relationships are obtained for the generalized Wigner equivalents. In particular, it appears that, among the class considered, there is no reason to use any distribution other than the Wigner for performing any calculations.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69967/2/JMAPAQ-10-2-233-1.pd

BLOCKCHAIN, LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT: BUSINESS AS USUAL OR RADICAL DISRUPTION?

The Internet provided the world with interconnection. However, it did not provide it with trust. Trust is lacking everywhere in our society and is the reason for the existence of powerful intermediaries aggregating power. Trust is what prevents the digital world to take over. This has consequences for organisations: they are inefficient because time, energy, money and passion are wasted on verifying everything happens as decided. Managers play the role of intermediaries in such case: they connect experts with each others and instruct them of what to do. As a result, in our expert society, people’s engagement is low because no one is there to inspire and empower them. In other words, our society faces an unprecedented lack of leadership. Provided all those shortcomings, the study imagines the potential repercussions, especially in the context of management, of implementing a blockchain infrastructure in any type of organisation. Indeed, the blockchain technology seems to be able to remedy to those issues, for this distributed and immutable ledger provides security, decentralisation and transparency. In the context of a blockchain economy, the findings show that value creation will be rearranged, with experts directly collaborating with each others, and hierarchy being eliminated. This could, in turn, render managers obsolete, as a blockchain infrastructure will automate most of the tasks. As a result, only a strong, action-oriented, leadership would maintain the organisation together. This leadership-in-action would consist in igniting people to take action; coach members of the organisations so that their contribution makes sense in the greater context of life

Wirksamkeit der selektiven Lasertrabekuloplastik bei Patienten mit unzureichender Augendrucksenkung unter maximaler Therapie

Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Hauptziel der Glaukomtherapie ist die Senkung des Intraokulardruckes (IOD). Ziel dieser prospektiven Studie war es, die IOD-senkende Wirkung der selektiven Lasertrabekuloplastik (SLT) bei Patienten unter maximaler medikamentöser Therapie (MMT) zu untersuchen. Spezielles Augenmerk wurde auf eine mögliche Wechselwirkung mit Pseudophakie oder Prostaglandintherapie (PGT) gelegt. Material und Methoden: Bei 30Patienten mit primärem Offenwinkelglaukom, Normaldruckglaukom und Pseudoexfoliationsglaukom mit unzureichender IOD-Senkung unter MMT wurde eine SLT über 360° Zirkumferenz durchgeführt. Verlaufskontrollen fanden nach 1Tag sowie nach 1, 3, 6, 9 und 12Monaten statt. Die IOD-senkende Therapie wurde über 3Monate unverändert weitergeführt. Ergebnisse: Die mittlere Verlaufsbeobachtungszeit betrug 11,97 ± 3,1Monate. Der mittlere IOD vor SLT war 19,60 ± 4,69mmHg. Die mittlere IOD-Senkung war −19,95 ± 17,14% nach 1Monat (p<0,001) sowie −14,07 ± 23,57% nach 12Monaten (p=0,003). Patienten mit einem höheren präoperativen IOD hatten eine stärker ausgeprägte Drucksenkung (R2=0,482; p<0,001). Phake Patienten hatten eine signifikant ausgeprägtere IOD-Senkung im Vergleich zu pseudophaken Patienten (-4,55±4,45mmHg bzw. +2,75±6,75mmHg; p=0,010). Patienten ohne PGT hatten eine statistisch knapp nicht signifikant ausgeprägtere IOD-Senkung im Vergleich zu Patienten mit PGT (-7,40±4,72mmHg bzw. -2,48±5,22mmHg; p=0,066). Vier Patienten benötigten einen weiteren IOD-senkenden Eingriff. Schlussfolgerung: Bei Patienten unter MMT kann durch eine SLT der IOD bis zu 1Jahr noch signifikant gesenkt werden. Die IOD-senkende Wirkung ist bei phaken Patienten mit hohem Ausgangsdruck am stärksten ausgepräg

Quantum Statistics and Slow Neutron Scattering by Gases

A surprisingly simple expression in ``closed form'' for the cross section d2σ/dΩdϵ for the scattering of thermal neutrons (including polarized neutrons) from an ideal quantum gas is derived. This result extends the work of Van Hove on the quantum gas. An expansion is obtained for dσ/dϵ. The case of elastic scattering is treated separately. From these expressions is obtained a criterion for ignoring the statistics of the scatterer in favor of classical (Boltzmann) statistics. This criterion should have some validity for weakly interacting systems. It is shown that the effects of statistics on the neutron cross section for a helium‐4 gas range from 5% or less for the noninteracting gas up to as much as 40% for the interacting system.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/70882/2/JCPSA6-47-12-4923-1.pd

A landscape-scale watershed assessment method to support fish passage restoration in Puget Sound, Washington State: An analysis for the Fish Barrier Removal Board

In 2014, the Washington State Legislature directed the creation of the Fish Barrier Removal Board (FBRB), a multi-entity committee tasked with the development of a statewide strategy for removing anadromous fish barriers. The strategy shall identify watersheds with the greatest potential for salmon and steelhead recovery and implement the removal of multiple barriers within those watersheds. Prioritizing whole watersheds for barrier removal is a new and untested approach to fish passage restoration in Washington State. To inform the FBRB’s watershed-based strategy, an analysis of aquatic habitat indicators was applied to a landscape-scale assessment of current and potential salmon and steelhead habitats in Puget Sound watersheds. Puget Sound watersheds were divided into 92 hydrologic units for a spatial analysis of 2 selected habitat indicators that correspond to habitat suitability and anthropogenic disturbance: potential for steelhead rearing and impervious land cover. Metrics of intrinsic potential for steelhead rearing and impervious surface land cover are presented in a decision support matrix for watershed prioritization of fish passage restoration

Long-term results of a multicenter SAKK trial on high-dose ifosfamide and doxorubicin in advanced or metastatic gynecologic sarcomas

Background: Dose intensive chemotherapy has not been tested prospectively for the treatment of gynecologic sarcomas. We investigated the antitumor activity and toxicity of high-dose ifosfamide and doxorubicin, in the context of a multidisciplinary strategy for the treatment of advanced and metastatic, not pretreated, gynecologic sarcomas. Patients and methods: Thirty-nine patients were enrolled onto a phase I-II multicenter trial of ifosfamide, 10 g/m2 as a continuous infusion over 5 days, plus doxorubicin intravenously, 25 mg/m2/day for 3 days with Mesna and granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor every 21 days. Salvage therapy was allowed after chemotherapy. Results: Among the 37 evaluable patients, the tumor was locally advanced (n = 11), with concomitant distant metastases (n = 5) or with distant metastases only (n = 21). After a median of three (range 1-7) chemotherapy cycles, six patients experienced a complete response and 12 a partial response for an overall response rate of 49% (95% CI 32% to 66%). The response rate was higher in poorly differentiated tumors (62%) compared with moderately well differentiated ones (18%), but was not different according to histology subtypes. Eleven patients had salvage therapy, either immediately following chemotherapy (n = 7) or at time of progression (n = 4). With a median follow-up time of 5 years, the median overall survival was 30.5 months. Hematological toxicity was as expected neutropenia, thrombopenia and anemia ≥grade 3 at 50%, 34% and 33% of cycles respectively. No toxic death occurred. Conclusions: High-dose ifosfamide plus doxorubicin is an active regimen for all subtypes of gynecological sarcomas. Its toxicity was manageable in a multicentric setting. The prolonged survival might be due to the multidisciplinary strategy that was possible in one-third of the patient